Worst case: You might be charged the tax you avoided on the consumed items. In extreme cases, with a large amount or refusal to cooperate, there could be a fine (up to 500,000 yen) or even imprisonment (up to 1 year).
More likely: Customs checks aren't super common, especially for smaller amounts. They might just give you a warning and remind you of the rules.
Technically: Consuming tax-free items before leaving Japan breaks the rules. Japanese customs https://www.customs.go.jp/english/summary/passenger.htm states you must export the tax-free goods.
Reality: Full customs checks with tax-free item verification are uncommon, especially for carry-on luggage.
Here's what to do if caught:
- Be polite and cooperative. Explain it was a misunderstanding.
- If asked to pay tax, comply.
Here's how to avoid the issue:
- Only buy tax-free items you intend to take out of Japan.
- Keep tax-free items sealed (especially consumables) until departure.
- If unsure, declare the items at customs and pay any applicable taxes.
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